Ladle for casting fluid metal



Nov. 16, 19 37. H.'BRINKMANN 2,093,937

LADLE FOR CASTING; FLUID METAL Filed Jan a, 1936 Patented Nov. 16, 1937UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LADLE Fon cas'rma rnum Marat."

Heinrich Dortmund, Germany Application 1......" s, 1936, SerialNo.'58,196

In Germany March 2, 1934 zclsimspwiza-sir 10 has already been proposedto provide, when casting ingots in the ingot mould, a ladle capable ofbeing moved upwards and downwards, into which the stream of metal flowsand from which the fluid metal is further conveyed into the ingot 15mould from a relatively small height. This known proposal necessitatesthe provision of a complicated motion-imparting device for enabling theladle to be moved upwards in accordce with the level of the fluid metal,as it rises in e mould. For this reason the known device has not beengenerally adopted.

It has already been proposed to guide the stream of metal in a specialway. According to this suggestion the valve cone is provided with 25special guiding. grooves, so that the fluid metal enters the outflowopening in a deflnite direction. It follows from the peculiarconstruction of the valve cone, that the fluid stream is forced togetheragain from a large cross-sectional area 30 to a small cross-sectionalarea, so that, owing to the transition from the large cross-section tothe small cross-section. eddies occur and consequently the danger ofspirting is not avoided. In the known arrangement the formation ofeddiesis 5 increased owing to the fact that the transition from the conicallydownwardly tapering passage cross-section below the valve cone to thecylindrical outflow opening is sudden, so that behind this transitionthere is a contraction of the stream. 40 According to other knownproposals the stream of metal is divided up by the employment ,of a.crossed bridging piece into aplurality of sepa: rate streams. Thisdividing up of the stream of metal has the disadvantage that the surfaceof .45 the stream is greatly increased, corresponding ,to the dF-iing-up, so that the contact surface with the air and consequently theabsorption of oxygenalso becomes many times greater than with a singlestream. In consequence thereof, in

50 the kI iOWll casting process the quality of the steel suffers.Furthermore, the solidifying and segregating conditions becomeunsatisfactory.

The invention is concerned with a bottom outlet with guiding surfaces incasting ladies for 65 fluid metal. in which the outflow passage beyondthat the absorption of oxygen is also small.

the guiding surfaces is straight-lined; Owing to this arrangement themetal flows out in a noneddying, round stream. By this means thesurfaceof the stream is reduced toa minimum, so

In 5 order that already existing ladle outlets may be converted inaccordance with the invention, the guiding surfaces are suitably made inthe form of a separate insertion which is adapted to be subsequentlyinserted intothe outflow opening. Experiments have shown, that ,theguide surfaces need only be provided in the first part of the outflowand that the metal stream flowing out without eddies will continue toflow out without I eddying. Furthermore, spirting of the metal willcease as soon as there is a certain quantity of metal in the castingmould, for instance the chill mould, so that an eddyless outflow 'is,,n0 longer essential. It is thus not necessary in making the guidingsurfaces to use high quality material, more particularlyrefractorymaterial, and they may simply be made of metal, so that they willgradually become fused during the outflow of the metal. 1

A constructional example of the invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawing, Fig. 1 being a cross-section,

Fig. 2 a plan view of an outlet and Fig. 3 a metal guiding device. a

At the bottom of the casting ladle is disposed the outflow 2 made ofmoulded bricks and the refractory lining 3. The outflow 2 is closed'andv opened by the plug 4 which is actuated bymeans of a bar. Across-shaped guiding device 5 with the guiding surfaces 6 is formed inthe outflow or inserted therein. r

The metal guiding device shown in Fig. 3 consists of two pieces ofsheet-metal I, connected together cross-wise. This guiding device may bemade very cheaply and be inserted in any existing outflow. The internalcurrents and eddies of z the outflowing fluid metal will be braked bythe guiding surfaces 6, so that the metal will flow out of the outflowwithout eddying.

It is to be noted that the mouth of the upper I portion of the outflow 2is flared outwardly to form a. seat for the plug 4 and also for theoutwardly curved upper parts of the pieces or ribs 1 of the metalguiding device 5, especially when the latter is in the form of aninsert. Incidentally the-upper edges of the guiding device are of acorresponding to the adjacent curved portions of the flared seat of theoutflow 2 to permit proper seating of the plug 4.

It is obvious that the guiding member may 1.

' also be made of ceramic material instead of metal.

What I claim is:- 1. In a casting ladle for metal, a ladle body havingan outflow opening in the bottom thereof and a subsequently insertableguiding member arranged in the upper portion of the outflow opening,said guiding member consisting of crosswise arranged thin-walled ribsextending in the longitudinal direction of the outflow opening and infixed relation thereto, the portion of the outflow opening below thesaid guiding member having straight sides and the same diameter as theupper portion.

2. In a casting ladle for metal, a ladle body having an elongatedoutflow opening in the bot- -tom thereof, the lower part of the openinghaving straight sides and of uniform diameter, the

upper part of the opening terminating in an outwardly flared mouthforming a seat adapted to-

